In the ongoing dialogue about what we, as a community, need to do to advance the Asian American film movement, the talk usually centers on the role of the artists (improving the quality and quantity of our filmmakers) and the audience (the need for our peeps to more fully support the work of our artists), but there is almost never any mention of the critic.
So what? I hear some of you thinking. Who cares about critics anyway? They’re just frustrated artists who think they’re intellectually superior to the masses. Besides, they’re going the way of the dinosaur. No one really listens to what critics have to say anymore and their influence is quickly diminishing with each new Adam Sandler flick that tops $150 million.
But before you dismiss the significance of the critic, let me add this thought into the mix: a truly vibrant Asian American film movement will never exist without the contribution of “real” critics. They are just as vital and necessary as the artist and audience.
Let me explain what I mean by a “real” critic. I don’t mean a movie “reviewer” whose job it is to simply tell you the plot of a film and sprinkle in a few opinions so it doesn’t read like a press release. I don’t mean an academic who may be fully qualified to speak about Asian American cinema but whose work is of interest only to other eggheads. And I certainly don’t mean all the haters out there whose critique of their fellow Asian Americans is fueled more by jealousy and negativity.
No, I’m referring to individuals who have a genuine understanding of both the history of cinema and Asian American issues/culture (but aren’t full-blown filmmakers themselves so as to maintain “objectivity”) and can make their points in a way that is understandable and relevant to the masses, not just the aforementioned eggheads in their ivory towers.
If you look at the history of cinema, you’ll see that any large-scale movement involving “outsiders” most likely could not have been possible without the critic. Let me focus on two such movements—the French New Wave that came out of the Cahiers du cinema in the late 1950s and the American New Wave of the late 1960s/1970s that produced such masterpieces as The Godfather, Taxi Driver and Chinatown. Both were movements comprised of outsiders: The French by sheer geography and lack of access to Hollywood and the Americans by their counterculture status and lack of membership in the established system.
In the case of the French New Wave, most of the key filmmakers—Francois Truffaut, Jean-Luc Godard, Eric Rohmer, Claude Cabrol and others—started their career as critics for the influential film magazine Cahiers du cinema under Andre Bazin. Their goals were slightly different in that their plan was to become filmmakers all along. The criticism was more of a means to an end—it was their film school in a way. But it was through their collective work as critics that these artists developed the tools and language to understand and make films—they found a way to marry their love for the big, glossy Hollywood movies to the low-budget aesthetic they had to embrace by necessity and created the template for modern independent cinema in the process with movies like Breathless, The 400 Blows, The Umbrellas of Cherbourg and Claire’s Knees. Without their foundation as critics, these filmmakers could not have created a true artistic community that seemed to come out of nowhere to change the course of world cinema.
In the case of the American New Wave, young filmmakers like Martin Scorsese, Francis Ford Coppola, Steven Spielberg and Robert Towne were trying to break into Hollywood at around the same time that young American critics like the New Yorker’s Pauline Kael and the Village Voice’s Andrew Sarris were climbing the ranks themselves to champion these denizens of the “new” Hollywood. Many people refer to this era of American filmmaking (late 1960s/1970s) as the last Golden Age of Hollywood. Indeed, both the artists and mainstream audiences of that time were ready to embrace intelligent and challenging films that would probably be relegated to the art house today.
Part of the success of this movement was due to young critics like Kael and Sarris who were also pushing the boundaries of their art form as their filmmaking counterparts were doing with theirs. Whether you agreed with these critics or not was almost beside the point—they were able to speak to their readers with as much clarity and insight as the filmmakers were able to speak to their audiences.
Take Kael, for example. When Bonnie And Clyde was released to the world in 1967, much of the old guard, including the still-influential veteran critical community, found the movie to be too redundant, too violent, too exploitative—they didn’t get it and many of them took issue with the film. But Kael got it. She was cut from the same artistic cloth as the filmmakers and understood that a change was afoot. Her support was key to the success the film would go on to have despite its (mostly old guard) naysayers.
She went on to champion now classics like M*A*S*H and Last Tango In Paris when those films looked like they were initially headed for critical and/or commercial limbo. She provided a context for those movies so the audience could “get them” better and served up the whole package with a healthy heap of her own passion. Check out her full review of Last Tango In Paris here. I personally think she goes overboard in her praise for the movie, but you can clearly see the power in her words (FYI, this review is still considered one of the most brilliant pieces of film criticism ever written).
These critics made the filmmakers better. They praised them when necessary, challenged them constantly and scolded them when they lost their way. But most of all–they understood and they cared. It’s unlikely that this era would have produced such a consistent slate of amazing works had its critics not served as the gadflies to push the artists to greater and greater heights.
Like the members of both the French and American new waves, Asian American filmmakers are definitely outsiders to the system. That’s why we also need critics who can claim the same outsider status as us, who can provide the context and guidance for audiences to better experience our work, who can push our artists to do superlative work and, most importantly, who understand and care. So much of the popular dialogue around Asian American cinema is still on such a basic level (“this is positive” vs. “this is negative”) that if our movement is making any progress at all, it’s only baby steps. What a strong critical community can do is help accelerate that process because Lord knows we need it.
I realize we live in a different world now and the influence of the critic is at the lowest it’s ever been. Traditional media is on its deathbed and the internet has further dissipated any genuine centers of power. But I see this as an exciting time where the future is wide open for our community. We have the opportunity to create a new model; to really use the technology and resources available to us to kick start a real movement. But we can’t forget a key component of that. We need to create and develop our critics alongside our artists and audiences. Only then do we have a shot.









Good post Philip.
You’re absolutely right. There’s just way too much goddamn love in Asian American film festivals that people 1) are too forgiving when the movies are awful, 2) don’t know what to see and end up watching something crappy (which frankly, most of them are), or 3) see a movie and don’t know how to talk about it, regardless of if it’s “good” or “bad.” The third point, I think, is most crucial, because the goal has never been to separate the good from the bad, but to get people thinking about what Asian American films can do for all of us.
Asian American cinema needs direction. For the makers and for the audiences. Right now, we’re letting the market dictate the direction, and the market is shit.
Ironically, some of the most prominent critics in America are Asian American: Dennis Lim, and for a while, Nathan Lee. But they’re not assigned Asian American films, because their jobs are dictated by the distribution/exhibition market.
Philip: now that you’ve opened this up, tell us… who should we be reading if we need direction into Asian American films? Oliver Wang of “Chasing Chan” has always been very honest about what he sees. Angry Asian Man is useful, though a lot of films get a free pass with him. Of course, I’m partial to “Asia Pacific Arts”, though even then, it depends on the critic.
@Brian, you raise a lot of great points and questions here that would be too difficult to answer as a short comment but I promise these are all questions we’ll continue to explore on this blog. As to the “critics” out here, I think all of the folks you mention are great, but they’re not strictly film critics per se. I think Angry Asian Man and Oliver both focus more on overall Asian American culture (although Chasing Chan is a great AA film blog, but I just wish Oliver would post more often. Come on, dude, waiting months for a new blog!?). I think Asian Pacific Arts comes close too–definitely the critiques there tend to be more detailed than on other sites but again the focus there is not just on film but other arts (though of course all related).
But I would love if the right people got together and created a genuine Asian American film blog or site devoted to in-depth analysis of our film and filmmakers. Sot of like an Asian American Cahiers du cinema. Something that could really set the tone and take the lead in developing a real Asian American film movement.
Yeah, Truffaut and Cahiers…but what we really need is a Henri Langois, the man who fed the French New Wave marathon screenings of all the classics, gave them insight into how the films were made and who made them, and lay the soil for the auteur theory, etc.
We need Henri Langois, someone who will exhibit the great Asian American films that MOST Asian Americans have not seen (Chan Is Missing, Yellow, Charlotte Sometimes, A Great Wall, etc. and the list goes on…). The dialogue has to begin with a breadth of knowledge otherwise we’ll just be repeating the same film criticism cliches (edge of your seat, thrill ride, tour de force…).
@Howard, curious as to why limit the exhibition to Asian American films? As you mention, Langois and his cinematheque certainly didn’t limit to French films but the whole scope of world cinema (with a healthy dose of Hollywood fare). There are no doubt quality Asian American films that should be looked at, but personally I think our filmmakers will be better off studying the classics of world cinema.
And the reality is we are living in a different time. Back in those days, the only way any of them could watch these films was at the cinematheque. Today, we have dvds, blu-rays, cable, revival houses, internet–there’s immediate access to the great films so the way I see it is that this is something anyone can and should do now. Don’t need a figure like Langois to make this happen. Hell, you can and should organize something like this yourself if it’s what you feel passionate about and is needed. The access is all there.
Well, to be honest, I think there should be an Asian American film “Henri Langois” because NO ONE knows these films. Yes, we all have access, but the audience doesn’t know WHAT to access. We need a common identity of THESE are the films and filmmakers you need to know and why…
Yeah, I should just stop posting blog comments and start it…
interesting post but have to disagree for these reasons:
1/ films should be criticized on individual creative merit not on race issues. otherwise it becomes like an exam.
2/ cinema is now competing with the iphone and youtube, so less interest in it in general.
3/ AA filmakers need to produce more films in general beyond the arty festival circuit before it can be taken seriously and criticized. to do that, needs to be taken seriously by AA audience ($) and then by the studios ( $)
4/ i dont think there is anyone ‘qualified’ about AA issues that any one person can agree on simply because AA culture is simply too young and changing each day, to deserve a ‘critic.’
5/As long as boring AA identity issue films continue to be the main festival output ( and it will until there is a distinctive AA culture), the main critics will be the AA ticketholders who have stated before : ‘if i want to learn about issues ill watch a documentary’
6/See 2…again…we are in a tech age. Film is not the great romantic thing it once was..and after all its show BUSINESS,not show ART right? and the biz is not what it once was….
@critics, not sure what you “disagree” with…
Of course every film is judged on merit, not race. But what is the criteria to judge them? If AA film is going to be its own animal, it can’t just mimic other film genres but have its own sensibilities. So we need to know and care about what AA films came before to find that sensibility. I don’t mean good cinematography and acting but subject matter and genre (to oversimplify, African American cinema has blaxploitation and inner city films and Italian American cinema has mafia films and Asian American cinema has what?). And it’s as much about creating an audience for new works as it is canonizing the major works.
The late Alexis Tioseco was a learned, thoughtful film critic who kept the flame alive, especially championing Filipino cinema. I wrote about him a little after his death last year, http://youoffendmeyouoffendmyfamily.com/two-lights-extinguished-too-soon/. His critics blog, CRITICINE, is online and is great read:http://alexistioseco.wordpress.com/
Another good critic is another Pinoy, based in US, Noel Vera. He is a banker by day and critic by night! Good stuff, http://criticafterdark.blogspot.com/
And there’s Roger Garcia, of Chinese extraction, from the Bay Area. He’s written numerous articles for Cahiers du Cinema and other journals, and has a great book he edited called ASIANS IN AMERICAN CINEMA, http://bookdragon.si.edu/2001/01/23/out-of-the-shadows-asians-in-american-cinema-edited-by-roger-garcia
I liked these critics because they are all encompassing when it comes to the global film scene, but have specializations in Southeast Asian cinema or at least, track where the trends are.
Don’t forget Prometheus Brown, who writes about Asian American and Asian film as well as hiphop, culture, and whatever else he wants, since it’s his blog & he can do what he wants.
http://prometheusbrown.com/blog/
In terms of advancing the Asian American film movement, I think we need a mega power studio that’ll exclusively concentrate on producing and distributing Asian American movies backing it up 100%. Ok, back to reality, as Philip’s post mentioned movie critics are becoming extinct as ppl are relying on each other and the masses for movie reviews. With this in mind, perhaps a real life documentary of why the Asian American film movement isn’t really going anywhere is due. Collectively Asians & Asian Americans have so much buying power, money surely isn’t the problem. Well, then what is? Asian mentality? We don’t want it as badly as we think? Perhaps, not enough uniformity within Asians as there are way too many different heritages and cultures and folks with egos unwilling to “all get along?” Is because Hollywood has too much power? If that’s the case what’s the deal with Bollywood? I have a gut feeling that in the USA, there are too many hostile forces preventing Asian American films from really taking off and the only place it would encounter less obstacles and more success would be in Asia. Bruce Lee was rejected by hollywood and went overseas to Hong Kong and made it big, maybe that’s what we have to do too???
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